Four Principles for Working in High (HV) Vacuum and Ultrahigh (UHV) Vacuum Regimes
High vacuum (HV) and ultra-high vacuum (UHV) systems must be efficient and safe. HV circumstances are between 10-3 and 10-7 torr, whereas UHV conditions are between 10-7 and 10-12 torr. HV is used in space modeling, nuclear physics, analytical equipment, and metallurgical processes. In high-energy physics and MBE, UHVs are employed for surface analysis. This article … Read more